"I just can't seem to remember well enough to pass the test."
"Names give me trouble. I can't seem to remember them."
"There are so many different items that I can't remember the prices."
Have any of these thoughts ever applied to you? At final exam time, for
instance, you may have difficulty remembering important information. Why is this
so? Why are some things more difficult to remember than others?
You can remember facts if you need to remember them and if you want to
remember them. In other words, your purpose and your motivation make it
possible for you to recall facts. You may not be able to remember your teacher's
name, but it is easy to remember the name of the girl you met at the dance last
week--or remember certain information, your purpose for remembering stands out
sharply. You can't seem to remember facts about the geography of a country that
doesn't interest you, but facts about the country you are all excited about
visiting next summer are easy to remember. Why? Because you have a special
reason (purpose) for remembering about the country. You are motivated and
that helps you to concentrate harder. Increased concentration, in turn, make the
information easier to remember. Your purpose helps you to decide which
information to remember, because purpose directs your attention to what you want
to know.
Read the following paragraph only once. Assume that your purpose in reading
is to remember as many of the advantages of physical fitness as you can:
Physical fitness increases the efficiency of your lungs and your heart. It
helps you to control your weight and it is an aid to you in controlling
emotional tension and anxiety. It also helps you to withstand physical fatigue
for a longer time.
How many advantages do you remember? Do you think that you will remember
information longer when you know what you are looking for? Do you think that you
will remember the advantages of physical fitness longer if you are personally
concerned about it?
Now that you see how purpose and motivation help you to remember, let
us consider the processes that increase your ability to remember.
 | ASSOCIATION: When you associate, you make the things you want to remember
relate to each other in some way. Once you know what your purpose in
reading--that is, once you know the information you are looking for--you can
try to remember this information by fitting it into some general category. |
| VISUALIZATION: Visualization helps you to create a strong, vivid memory.
Try to picture in your mind what you wish to remember. Try to remember a man's
name for example, by seeing his face in your mind and associating his name
with it. You can remember an important date in history (perhaps a battle or a
peace meeting or an inaugurating) by picturing the scene in your mind with the
date in big letters in front of this visualization. |
| CONCENTRATION: What is concentration? People often say that they can't
concentrate or that they will never be able to learn to concentrate better.
Quite often it is our way of life that takes away our former ability in this
area. Small children are well skilled in concentration. Have you ever seen a
youngster so absorbed in playing a game or in reading or in just daydreaming,
or visualizing, that he doesn't hear when his parents call? He is punished for
this and soon learns that he shouldn't concentrate as hard on what he is
doing, but that he should gear some of his attention to listening for his
parent's (or teacher's) call.
Concentration can be defined as focusing attention on one thing and to one
thing only. When you do an exercise which provides an opportunity for you to
do this, it is basically an exercise in concentration. How can you learn to
concentrate better? Visualizing will help. Visualizing forces attention to one
thing only. If you try to see specific pictures as you read, it will help you
to concentrate. Not looking back will also help you to concentrate. When you
do not allow yourself to look back, you force yourself to concentrate in order
to get the meaning the first time. Making sure of your purpose in a third way
to force concentration. When you read for a particular purpose, you will
concentrate on what you read because, as you read, you ask yourself, "Does
this satisfy my purpose?"
|
| REPETITION: When you have difficulty remembering textbook information, you
should repeat the procedures for associating, visualizing, and concentration.
The first step in remembering a list, for example, is to categorize it
(association) and visualize it (thus forcing concentration). Do this once and
then repeat the same task frequently. The repetition will help burn the
information into your memory. |
